Essay on Selfish Ambition Frankenstein - 1497 Words

Selfish Ambition Frankenstein Selfish Ambition? The question â€Å"What makes us who we are?† has perplexed many scholars, scientists, and theorists over the years. This is a question that we still may have not found an answer to. There are theories that people are born â€Å"good†, â€Å"evil†, and as â€Å"blank slates†, but it is hard to prove any of these theories consistently. There have been countless cases of people who have grown up in â€Å"good† homes with loving parents, yet their destiny was to inflict destruction on others. On the other hand, there have been just as many cases of people who grew up on the streets without the guidance of a parental figure, but they chose to make a bad situation into a good one by growing up to do something†¦show more content†¦Shelley continues to show how the creature was a tender, caring being for quite a while. After Victor rejected the affection and friendship offered him by his creation, completely abandoning him, the creature left Victor and went out into the world. He soon discovered that the world would not be a friendly place. Persecution, alienation, and affliction would eventually drive the creature into doing terrible things. Sir Walter Scott, a famous Scottish novelist, said: This monster, who was at first...but a harmless monster, becomes ferocious and malignant, in consequence of finding all his approaches to human society repelled with injurious violence and offensive marks of disgust. (Scott 617) The first person who had seen the creature, other than Victor, â€Å"Shrieked loudly† (Shelley 83) when he looked upon his ugly and massive frame. This was a reaction the creature got used to, and he decided he would be better off to stay out of the paths of humans. When he found the hovel near the cottage he watched over for many months, the creature still was a loving, gentile being, despite the few nasty run-ins with humans. His sincitivity showed when he marveled at nature, and cried at some of the depressing stories from ancient civilizations. His tender and caring heart showed when he looked over the family, gatheredShow MoreRelatedFrankestein and The Kite Runner1610 Words   |  6 PagesIn the novels Frankenstein by Mary Shelley and The Kite Runner by Khaled Hosseini, both protagonists; Victor Frankenstein and Amir, share similar characteristics and how their characteristics effect their lives and the lives around them. Both V. Frankenstein and Amir act as cowards in many dilemmas which affect their lives and the people they know tremendously. As well both characters are very ambitious, they use their ambition to try and reach their goals; some of which seem outrageous. Both malesRead MoreGood Intentions Destroyed in Frankenstein1536 Words   |  7 PagesIn â€Å"Frankenstein† by Mary Shelley, good intentions are destroyed by ambitious, selfish, and disrespectful behavior. Frankenstein along with the creature, although seemingly different in personalities, have many characteristics that interlock with each other creating a suspenseful plot filled with good intentions that are never fully executed. Dominance is a reoccurring theme in â€Å"Frankenstein† as both Victor Frankenstein, himself, and the creature strive to be perfect in every task they preform. AlthoughRead MoreEvil In Frankenstein Essay1201 Words   |  5 PagesAs shown in Frankenstein, by Mary Shelley people grow evil without the presence of others with whi ch they can relate. If someone feels they are alone, their actions will stray from their good intentions, and soon their intentions will not be so good either. The awful deeds done by humans, including those done by Frankenstein’s Monster, are done because isolation drives people to malicious actions. Frankenstein, Walton, and the monster would all be better people if they had a companion to help themRead MoreMacbeth And Victor Frankenstein Responsible For Their Own Downfalls1731 Words   |  7 PagesTo what extent are the characters of Macbeth and Victor Frankenstein responsible for their own downfalls? Both Frankenstein and the Tragedy Of Macbeth are pieces of literature with very similar protagonists, whose downfalls are widely considered to be brought about by nobody but themselves. They have determination and chance of greatness, with a selfish side that shows till their end. Despite their selfish similarities and moments of madness, they were written both at very different times, by veryRead More Blind Ambition in Mary Shelleys Frankenstein Essay773 Words   |  4 PagesBlind Ambition in Mary Shelleys Frankenstein Mary Shelley, the renowned author of Frankenstein, explores the consequences of man and monster chasing ambition blindly. Victor Frankenstein discovered the secret that allowed him to create life. His understanding of how bodies operated and the science of human anatomy enabled him to make this discovery and apply it to the creation of his monster. Walton wished to sail to the arctic because no sailor has ever reached it. The monster was createdRead MoreShellys Frankenstein and Miltons Paradise Lost Essay1136 Words   |  5 Pages Mary Shellys Frankenstein narrates a story about a scientist, Victor Frankenstein, and his creation of a monster set apart from all worldly creatures. Frankensteins creation parallels Miltons Paradise Lost and Gods creation of man; Victor Frankenstein is symbolic of God and the monster is symbolic of Adam. The parallel emphasizes the moral limitations of mankind through Victor Frankenstein and the disjunction and correlation with Paradise Lost. Shell y links the two stories together throughRead MoreThe Evil Of The Monster By Mary Shelley s Frankenstein1048 Words   |  5 PagesShelley’s Frankenstein, the monster commits a number of immoral acts out of rage. These actions are directly related to the monsters creation and upbringing. The burden of fault for the monsters actions rests on Victor Frankenstein’s shoulders alone. The lack of attention Frankenstein contributed towards the monster, and his life teaching, is directly correlated with the actions the creature made throughout his existence. Although the creature physically caused the murders, Victor Frankenstein instigatedRead MoreExamples Of Ambition In Frankenstein1316 Words   |  6 PagesFrankenstein Essay With the same hands Frankenstein built the monster, he holds his dying wife. Throughout Mary Shelley’s Frankenstein, Victor Frankenstein and his creation fight against each other as ambition, abandonment and the lack of responsibility result in the downfall of both. As the creator, Frankenstein represents a parental figure to his creation. A conflict arises through the years leading up to Frankenstein’s creation and continues for years while taking the lives of multiple peopleRead MoreMorality In Mary Shelleys Frankenstein958 Words   |  4 PagesMorality, or the lack of it, has become one of the most commented issues about Frankenstein. This novel has been used as an approach to reflect on the ethics involved in most controversial scientific domains, such as genetic engineering or DNA research. This essay will analyse the controversy of moral standards in Mary Shelley’s novel, focusing on the moment in which Frankenstein contemplates the idea of the creation of a whole new species. I will confront the protagonist’s apparent lack of moralityRead MoreAmbition : The Soul Of Frankenstein962 Words   |  4 Pagesexclaimed the soul of Frankenstein — more, far more, will I achieve; treading in the steps already marked, I will pioneer a new way, explore unknown powers, and unfold to the world the deepest mysteries of creation† (Shelley 42). Although the degree may differ, ambition exists within everyone. This ambition can lead to great successes or devastation depending on the choices the individual makes. Likewise, ambition can be either hindered or advanced by several factors. Victor Frankenstein possessed unsurmountable

The Henrician Reformation Essay - 970 Words

The Henrician Reformation The Henrician Reformation had much more political purpose than religious principles and to understand this much of the motives and changes of the reformation need to be considered. Reformation itself suggests that the events were all clearly linked together as a part of religious reform however, according to C. Davies most of those involved in bringing about the reformation, included the King himself, had little understanding of the implications of what they were doing. Both Cromwell and Cramner also had a great influence on the changes within Englandbetween 1534 and 1546 and they themselves†¦show more content†¦One of his first decisions was to dissolve the monasteries in England which seemed to some such as Cromwell and Cranmer like a real measure of triumph of Protestantism. To many Protestants the monasteries were a clear reminder of the survival of Catholic ideas. Although this is true much of the motives behind The Dissolution of the Monasteries were not just a matter of religion. Henry knew that there was a threat from foreign power and was aware of the good financial income from closing the monasteries. For example, in 1534 the Act for First Fruits and Tenths took away the revenue of the Church which in the first year rose over  £40,000. Henry recognized that he needed a strong army against both threatening France and Spain due to his break with Rome, Henry saw that the financial gain from the closure of the monasteries would allow him to build a strong military. Clearly from this example we can see that Henrys motives are purely political. Between 1534 and 1546 many acts were passed and some argue this was a move towards Protestantism. Even though Henry was a devote Catholic, which we can see in his writing The Kings Book he let Cromwell have much influence on his decisions. However, if we look at the religious statusShow MoreRelatedThe Reformation Of The King s Romance With Anne Boleyn Or Popular Discontent Essay1860 Words   |  8 PagesIntroduction to the History of Christianity in England Name: Institution: Course: Date: Introduction The Henrician Reformation followed and Protestant Reformation and led to the Church of England breaking away from the authority of the Pope and the Roman Catholic Church. The purpose of this essay is to argue that the most decisive feature of the Henrician reformation was the King’s determination to conceive a male heir, in order to prevent another succession crisis, like those of 1453Read MoreQueen Elizabeth The 1st And Prime Minister Of England967 Words   |  4 Pagesabout Henry VIII and his second wife Anne Boleyn, and their blasphemous marriage outside the Catholic Church. Henry VIII went against the constitution and religious traditions of his country. There was a religious revolution known as the, Henrician reformation was going go at the time of Elizabeth’s birth and his divorce from Katherine of Aragon his first wife who was Catholic, the religious tradition of England and Ireland during that time (Collinson. 2010. Elizabeth 1533-1603). Elizabeth was indeedRead MoreCromwells Responsibility For Expansions And Effectiveness Of Government Between 1530 and 15391553 Words   |  7 Pages revenue court was not established to administer First Fruit and Tenths, to ensure direct access. As Guy said â€Å"Cromwell was only an informal national treasurer†. Thus we can see that Cromwell is pivotal in the development of the Henrician Household. Another key aspect of government revolution was the dramatic extension of royal power throughout the kingdom. Mediaeval aspects of royal authority still lingered still in Henry’s reign, however during the 1530s the vatsRead MoreHenry Viii and the English Reformation4950 Words   |  20 PagesLIBERTY UNIVERSITY Henry VIII and the English Reformation A PAPER SUBMITTED TO Dr. Gregory Tomlin IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE COURSE CHHI 525 LIBERTY BAPTIST THEOLOGICAL SEMINARY BY DAVID E. ROBERTS LYNCHBURG, VIRGINIA SUNDAY, MARCH 8, 2014 Table of Contents Introduction: Henry VIII and the English Reformation†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.................................................. 3 Prince Henry VIII and His Character Development.......................................Read MoreKing Henry s Viii Church Of England Essay2987 Words   |  12 PagesJason E. Burleigh English M01A Professor Egan November 21, 2014 King Henry’s VIII Church of England Was the Reformation Based in Religion or Politics? When most students think of Henry VIII, they think of the mad, power hungry and misogynistic tyrant who beheaded two of his wives and married six times. Although those events did in fact take place, it is the greater accomplishments of King Henry VIII that should be remembered throughout history. Historians consider Henry VIII to be the most importantRead MoreStudy Guide to Renaissance Humanism2965 Words   |  12 Pages(C); Machiavelli wrote (D) The Prince; and Cervantes was the author of Don Quixote. All of the following are characteristics of Northern Humanism EXCEPT: D. It was very supportive of the Protestant Reformation. D) Few Northern Humanists (exceptions: Melanchthon and Reuchlin) approved of the Reformation: Erasmus criticized laxness in the Catholic Church but refused to join Protestant reformers. Northern or Christian Humanism used studies of ancient languages to make Scriptures available in local languagesRead MoreEssay on John Lockes Lasting Impact on Society1840 Words   |  8 Pagesthe previous divine-right absolutism. Regarding this, the author Jacqueline Rose asserts that â€Å"the Tracts can be placed in a longstanding genre of works dealing with the powers of supreme governors over the church, a debate sparkled by the Henrician Reformation over a century earlier, but which Restoration proved to retain much mileage† (612). Additionally, Rose points out that the government’s accountability to its people is far more important to Locke than the origin of that particular governmentRead MorePoverty and Social Work Essay example8858 Words   |  36 PagesProtestant Reformation of 1536, which dissolved the church and left those previously cared for by the church to fend for themselves, the transition to a market economy resulted in social and economic upheaval. By the mid-14th century, the state had to intervene in social problems. A series of statutes for dealing with the poor and unemployed were passed by Parliament: - 1349 Statute of Laborers - 1531 statute calling for severe punishment of able-bodied beggars - 1536 Henrician Poor Law

Only one submission assignment Free Essays

Is required for each group. Late Penalty: The late penalty for the assignment is 10 percent of the full mark per day for each day the assignment Is late. Including weekends and public holidays. We will write a custom essay sample on Only one submission assignment or any similar topic only for you Order Now Other Penalties: The penalty for groups of more than 7 students is 50% deduction of the total mark received. Total 15 marks Part 1: Hedging with Futures Assume that you are holding a portfolio of SP index and consider using the SP 500 index futures contracts to hedge the portfolio risk. Determine your hedging strategy nd discuss how to implement your strategy (note that the contract information of the SP 500 index futures can be found at the CME website). Data file can be downloaded from the course Blackboard under the Project folder. The file contains daily prices of SP 500 index and SP 500 index futures. Part 2: Trading Options Go to Yahoo Finance http://finance. yahoo. com/ and click on the Dow Jones, NASDAQ (on the top panel). Then click on components on the left panel. You can see a list of stocks in the â€Å"Symbol† column. When you click on any stock, you will get basic Information on the stock. Among them. Market Cap Is the one you need to use to select stocks. You need to select three stocks (a stock with market capitalization more than $10 billion, a stock with market capitalization In between $10 billion and $500 million and a stock with market capitalization less than $500 million) whose options are reasonably actively traded. Click on a stock and then click on options on the left panel, you will get the prices of calls and puts. How to cite Only one submission assignment, Papers

Hope Floats Essay Example For Students

Hope Floats Essay Hope FloatsThe movie I decided to watch is called Hope Floats. This is a great movie, and it not only should be about love, but it showed me about life. Do you think you can fix your life and get it back on the right track all on your own? All you have to do is just have to give hope a chance and believe that everything will get better someday. There is always a time in everyones life when something horrible happens. Sometimes it something that changes your very course of life in an instant. Then life becomes difficult and it seems all you can do is give up on everything. But it does not have to be like that at all. Your life is not over, you just hit a rough spot along the way, and things are bound to get better, because it is easier to bounce higher once you have fallen. Birdee Calvert, played by Sandra Bullock, was a beauty queen, known as Ms. Popular. She was also a cheerleader and even prom queen when she was in high school. She married her high school sweet heart, Bill Calvert. They then moved to Chicago straight after high school and lived the perfect life togetherso it seemed. Then things began to seem different for her and things did not seem so perfect after all. The whole movie starts when she appears on a Reality TV show. She thinks shes there for a free make over or something that he best friend dragged her into doing. She soon realizes thats not why shes there at all. On this TV show, Birdees best friend admits and tells her shes having an affair with her husband. Birdee and her young daughter, Bernice, decide to pack up and leave Bill. They move out and travel back to Birdees home town of Smithville, Texas. There she much live with her mother. She was never very close with her mother growing up, but now she has to live with her, she wants to start a new bond together. When she gets to Smithville her life becomes even more complicated than it was to begin with and she never thought it could quite be like this. After much debate, Birdee finally is convinced to start a new life, which involves getting a new job. There is a problem though, she must deal with something from her past. Most of the people she went to high school with still live in Smithville. Normally this would not be a problem for anyone else, but when you think about that fact that her and her friends teased everyone, it was a big problem for her, because everyone is all grown up now. Birdee realizes that people she always made fun of are now a big part of the town such as a girl that she called polka dots.. Dottie, polka dots real name, finds out Birdee loves to take pictures so she finds her a job at the local photo store, which was nice of her for what Birdee did to her. For Birdees mother finding a job was not good enough. She wanted her to move on with her live and maybe find a new boyfriend. This is where Justin Matisse comes into the movie. He was not one of the popular kids in high school, but hes had a crush on Birdee for the longest time, even thought she was not particularly nice to him or interested him at all. Birdees mother wants these two to get together and date. But she even thought her husband hurt her very badly, she just cant seem to get over it. Birdee has had two things in her life that shes cherished. One of them being the man in her life and the other is being a mother, and now it seems like she has neither. Now she does not have any of these things. Her husband cheated on her and her daughter is extremely upset with the split of her parents and the fact that Birdee is always depressed and always in bed, she soon thinks her mother is the one to blame for the split. .u28296424fb2686e41bb9f3e3d25342a7 , .u28296424fb2686e41bb9f3e3d25342a7 .postImageUrl , .u28296424fb2686e41bb9f3e3d25342a7 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u28296424fb2686e41bb9f3e3d25342a7 , .u28296424fb2686e41bb9f3e3d25342a7:hover , .u28296424fb2686e41bb9f3e3d25342a7:visited , .u28296424fb2686e41bb9f3e3d25342a7:active { border:0!important; } .u28296424fb2686e41bb9f3e3d25342a7 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u28296424fb2686e41bb9f3e3d25342a7 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u28296424fb2686e41bb9f3e3d25342a7:active , .u28296424fb2686e41bb9f3e3d25342a7:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u28296424fb2686e41bb9f3e3d25342a7 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u28296424fb2686e41bb9f3e3d25342a7 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u28296424fb2686e41bb9f3e3d25342a7 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u28296424fb2686e41bb9f3e3d25342a7 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u28296424fb2686e41bb9f3e3d25342a7:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u28296424fb2686e41bb9f3e3d25342a7 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u28296424fb2686e41bb9f3e3d25342a7 .u28296424fb2686e41bb9f3e3d25342a7-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u28296424fb2686e41bb9f3e3d25342a7:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Baritone EssayBridees daughter Bernice, does not

Intermediate Price Theory free essay sample

What would you expect to happen to the market price and the QD and the QS as the market adjusts to the disequilibrium? Why? If the market price is set below the equilibrium price, more will be demanded than supplied, (Qdgt;Qs). This creates a shortage of the goods in the market. The amount of shortages will cause buyers to bid up the price in order to acquire the goods. Competition among buyers will bid up the price. Price will go up until shortages are eliminated. e. Suppose the supply shifts to QS = 30 + 4P Has the slope of the supply changed? Why or why not? No, the slope of the supply remained the same. Only the intercept changed. The rate of change in quantity supplied remained at 4 units for every dollar increase or decrease. At equilibrium, QD = QS 80 2P = 30 + 4P 6P = 50 P = $8. 33 Qs = 30 + 4(8. 33) = 63. 33 billion bushels 2. Following the collapse of the subprime mortgage market in 2008, the price of lumber plummeted from roughly $290 per thousand board feet to less than $200 per thousand board feet. We will write a custom essay sample on Intermediate Price Theory or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page New home construction also declined markedly. Draw graphs showing what you believe happened in these markets and explain why. As the subprime mortgage market collapse, the demand for new homes declined. Price per unit of houses will fall. Demand for new homes [pic] As the prices of new homes declined, sellers become less keen in constructing and selling new homes. Therefore, demand for lumber, an input for home construction also declined. Demand for lumber [pic] 3. Suppose that the price of a commodity declines from one month to the next and that more is bought in the second month. Draw three diagrams one showing that the demand could have increased, a second diagram showing that the demand could have decreased, and a third showing that demand might not have changed. [pic] [pic] pic] 4. Draw a diagram to show what would happen if the government imposed a ceiling on the retail price of gasoline. Why do some advocates of price controls also recommend rationing? If the government set a price ceilingon the retail price of gasoline. More gasoline will be demanded than supplied. This creates a gasoline shortage which may be addressed by a rationing system in order that everyone will get a fair share of the commodity. Shortages often result to long queues and rationing schemes such as the first-come first-served basis, payment of reservation fees, and even lottery. Moreover, price ceiling encourages hoarding. This in turn leads to the proliferation of the black market where people succumb to higher prices in order to acquire the goods. To avoid this, a rationing system is recommended by some advocates of price controls. 5. A magazine article notes that a tax on beer had caused the price of beer to increase by 5% over the price of beer a year earlier. The article notes, however, that the sales of beer had risen during the period. The article concludes that the law of demand does not apply to beer. Do you agree with the article’s conclusion? Explain why or why not. The law of demand is still operating in the beer market even if sales had risen after the imposition of a tax. Note that demand shows the different quantities of beer that may be bought at each specific price of beer, with tax or without tax. An increase in the price of beer caused by the tax only leads to a decrease in quantity demanded at that specific price. There are many factors that can cause an increase in demand for beer despite the price increase. The article probably did not look at the non-price determinants that could have caused the demand for beer to rise despite the tax on it. The non price determinants of demand are consumers tastes and preferences, number of buyers, prices of related goods, price expectation, consumers income etc. 6. Evaluate the following statement: A decrease in the supply of steel will cause the price of steel to rise. Manufacturers who use steel to produce their products will cut back on their production, thus reducing their demand for steel. The resulting decrease in demand for steel will cause the price of steel to fall. Consequently, the decrease in the price of steel may be temporary at best. The decrease in the price of steel caused by a low demand may be temporary at best because it is caused by a temporalreaction of manufacturers to a rising cost of production. Manufacturers of products that use steel as an input will surely want to remain in business. Therefore, they will keep on buying this inputto ensure their continued existence in the industry. If the decrease in the supply of steel will go on in the long run, price of steel will continue to rise. Manufacturers who use steel to produce their products have no recourse but to pass on additional cost of production to their consumers in the form of higher product price.

buy custom Personal Identity in Cyberculture essay

buy custom Personal Identity in Cyberculture essay The term cyberculture emerged in popular usage during the last decade of the last century to refer to an emergent usage and dependence of computer networks by a global population to meet business, communication and entertainment needs (Abbate, 1999). The term had however been mentioned a few times previously such as in 1963 by A. M. Hilton. The internet has created a vast usage and application in human life today, and only works on the principle of linking individuals through computer networks without geographical or personal limitations (Levy, 2001). This trend has evolved into a study of the assorted social phenomena that is today associated with internet usage, be it in shopping, computer gaming, e-mailing, virtue relationships, internet lobbying and similar endeavors (Levy, 2001). In cyberculture studies, the emphasis is on the available technologies that impact on the social dynamics of people especially through the interactions created by cyberspace interconnections (Abbate, 1999). Oxford English Dictionary has defined cyberculture as the social set of conditions that accrue from computerization and automation (Levy, 2001). The American Heritage Dictionary on the other hand broadens the definition to include the social elements played out in cyberculture in their definition of cyberculture as, a culture resultig from use of computer networks, as platforms of communication, work, entertainment and business (Levy, 2001). The culture referred to here is not that of computer networks by of the users of these computer networks while on the networks (Howard Jones, 2003). Cyberculture creates another world of existence, the online world, which has a distinct culture with repercussions not just on the virtual world but also the physical world (Howard Jones, 2003). Cyberculture is thus endemic to online socialization of individuals as mediated by computers (Howard Jones, 2003). An important point to note here is that in cyberspace interactions or on the internet as it will be regarded hence, people (users) are identified on basis of their protocols, usernames, codes and domains (Abbate, 1999). As Dertouzos (1997) postulates, the personality of an individual, his or her identity, is left in front of the computer screen as some internet profile travels the cyberspace in his or her place. While using the internet, people lose their identity and acquire the ability to be anybody, from anywhere, with any age, etc (Howard Jones, 2003). A person can acquire any identity he or she wishes to, while using the internet. In fact, many a times, individuals use multiple identities none of which is truly the identity of the individual (Bell Barbara, 2000). >That lack of identity becomes an important factor when characterizing cyber culture (Levy, 2001). Unlike any other aspect of culture, cyberculture is not constrained in boundaries and its participants are a representation of the true diversity in the world as regards age, sex, race, religion, political affiliations and inclinations, origin etc. Virtue communities depict a diversity that no other cultural aspect known to man has ever done. Yet in this diversity, the personal identity of its participants is lost into a vague concept that does not define the individual perse (Bell Barbara, 2000). In this research essay, literature review helps analyze how realizationof cyberculture in practical scenarios today and how personal identity is expressed. Document analysis helps the essay establish the various ways in which individuals can still build on and explicitly establish their personal identity in cyberculture. To do this, the essay looks at some key characteristics of cyberculture and how individuals relate with various component, technologies of cyberculture. At present, cyberculture can be characterized by many things one of them being lack of personal identity of users, an omission that if not remedied soon threatens to limit the potential social good of modern communication technology since its only personal identity that can keep users socially accountable even when on cyberspace. Buy custom Personal Identity in Cyberculture essay

Do we need Decoration to create a Pleasing Environment Essay

Do we need Decoration to create a Pleasing Environment - Essay Example Decoration is, hence, essential because it highlights the effect of architecture and also, it has a utilitarian function especially when decorative elements serve to create a specific, intended environment. There are even thinkers, such as Herbert Bayer and William Morris, who think that decoration in the context of aesthetics have a good effect on the morals and life of individuals. Fortunately for this paper, the body of literature on decoration is comprehensive and that it reveals the wide academic as well as professional interest in the field. In defining this subject the thoughts of several authors were invaluable. For example, For example, Abruzzo and Solomon (2006) for instance state that decoration is a device in architecture that uses a panoply of visual elements such as emblems, icons, symbols, colors, words, textures, portraits and, furnishing, among others, in creating a pleasing environment. (p. 51) Then, Pevsner wrote that decoration is a consonance out of diverging elements – a surprising Sophoclean ideal and can be contrasted with the Renaissance and modernist ideals of attempting to achieve an ideal harmony out of converging elements. (p. 66) This does not mean, however, that decoration cannot exist without ornaments. The use of the color white is a case in point. Conventional wisdom would identify the color when used exclusively - say, to design a wall - as the utter absence of ornaments. However, this color has become a pervasive decorative element for contemporary designers. Whiteness became identified with the modernist polemics of the twentieth century onwards. Its use came with the emergence of the decorator as a professional and popular practitioner. Nonetheless, this minimalist approach to design would be explored later in this paper. Decoration falls within the wider context of design. In this regard, the insights posited by Heller and Balance are helpful. The most important of which was their outline of

Government and Market Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Government and Market - Essay Example Infrastructure is a very vital cog of any country, and hence takes a supremely significant position in the government's perception. Now, Rostow, who was a specialist in this field has made note and brought to light the fact that the inability of the governments to create infrastructure was one of the major road blocks that were faced during the process of modernization in Europe during the 19th century. In his argument, he says that the "creation of preconditions for take-off was largely a matter of building social overhead capital". This comes in line with the generally accepted argument that the cost of infrastructure or the social overhead capital compliments the industrial production process as this facilitates the transfer of goods, which leads to the creation of mobilization of markets on a national and international level. Haber, another esteemed expert in this field, has further developed the importance of infrastructural support in his arguments based on the case study of Me xico. Here, he offers the opinion that Mexico was unable to solve the problem of surplus capacity which it was facing in the 1980s by exporting goods to different countries around the world. All of this, he attributes to the lack of infrastructural support that was present in the country at that point in time. He cites Avisador Comercial de Havana which attributes this problem related to the exorbitant costs of transportation: "How, then, can merchandise be shipped to the coast at an advantageous price How can they [Mexican manufacturers] compete in foreign marketsif within their own borders they have incredibly high freight rates" [1] [5] In recent times, economic analysts have argued that the major difference between the growth differentials of different countries is infrastructure as highlighted by the case on India and China. Due to the importance infrastructure plays in the workings of a country and its non-excludable and unrivalled nature has further substantiated the claim for the need of governmental intervention to facilitate and hasten industrial growth in the country. On face value, one can see that this notion is somewhat not contestable in nature in that not many can refute the claim that has been put forward; however, some economists have also offered the notion of a private sector backed infrastructural growth. This notion certainly has immense promise in theory as this would basically remove the role of the government from this entire workup and would subsequently move the entire mechanisms onto a free market which would be highly appreciated in light of the concept at hand. However, that certainly doe s not appear to be a distinct possibility at the current point in time which is why infrastructural support has been ascribed to governments to this day and age. The rationale behind this is suggestions like the one offered are more likely to fail in the developing countries as private sector led infrastructural growth needs immensely advanced institutional or technological support in order to create and sustain excludable and rivaling properties. Due to this, infrastructure would remain severely under protected as well as remain under produced which would be due to the large number of externalities that cannot

HEALTHY PEOPLE 2020 OBJECTIVE EH-12 Increase recycling of municipal Research Paper

HEALTHY PEOPLE 2020 OBJECTIVE EH-12 Increase recycling of municipal solid waste - Research Paper Example Incidentally, the increasing number of environmental factors has contributed to adverse health such as exposure to harmful substances in the soil, air, water, food, etc. (Scott, 2007). Human activities such as increasing development, activities and use of unsafe chemicals as well as man-made and natural disasters are responsible for increasing environmental pollution (Spilsbury, 2014). Environmental pollution has adverse health effects on everybody. Nurses have a role to play in promoting health environment through incorporating information of the environment in their activities. Recycling of waste and water and energy conservation should be introduced to school going children to increase awareness of environmental health. The increasing rate of waste generation calls for regular measures to reduce the generation and accumulation of such waste. Some of these measures include recycling and conserving water and energy. More than 3, 000 people die every year because of waterborne diseases. Also, 1 out of 6 Americans fall sick because of eating contaminated foods. According to Allender et al., (2013, 286), â€Å"Americans produced about 254 million tons of waste in 2013 and only 87 million tons (34.3) of the waste was recycled.† This was equivalent to 1.51 pounds recycled out of 4.40 pounds of individual waste per day. Through recycling Americans reduced a total of 186 million metric tons of carbon dioxide emission into the air in 2013. The environmental health objectives of Healthy People 2020 concentrate on six themes that highlight components of environmental health. These includes global environmental health, the quality of outdoor air, homes and communities, quality of surface and underground water quality and infrastructure and development. Water is very essential to human life because about 60% of human body is composed of water. By 2018, about 1.8 billion will people will be living in regions with water scarcity. The

Cosmetic Surgery for Cheekbones and Chin

Cosmetic Surgery for Cheekbones and Chin Significance of high cheekbones a prominent chin: Aesthetic point of view In the world of today, â€Å"selfie† has become kind of an obsession and being active on â€Å"social media† and showing off your so called â€Å"cool social life† has become an obligation! In such a world today, having been able to possess ‘attractive facial features’ is a must, be it men or women. It has been shown beyond doubt, that ‘facial symmetry’ is one of the benchmarks, by which attractiveness of a face can be recognized. However, there are found to be many other factors which are responsible for making a face look appealing. The face is the first thing that catches the attention of a passer by, friend or a foe. Who doesn’t want to look attractive? Nowadays, people use certain kind of beauty creams, wear makeup; so as to look appealing and presentable. In the world of today, your ‘persona’ with which you carry yourself, can get you brownie points in the field that you belong to! Having a good, magnificent and presentable personality is one of the most compelling things that can get you one step closer towards achieving recognition in your particular field. In order to look presentable, you ought to possess ‘attractive facial features’ as they say! Apart from these artificial beautifying measures such as beauty creams, makeup etc, there are some facial features that can make you look charismatic naturally. Having sharp facial features makes one look good and attractive. High cheekbones, wide-set eyes, a small nose and a prominent chin are believed to make one look appealing. Beauty does not have set parameters as such. It depends on how one perceives beauty. The Science of Attraction Researchers from a University at Sweden have propounded that our conclusions on whether we find someone charming may be as a result of hormones that we are exposed to in utero or at the time of puberty, our dependence on visual information, the way our brains advanced systems to identify/perceive/process different stimuli and/or our wish to transfer â€Å"attractive genes† to our progeny so that they might have higher chances of finding a mate and resultant reproductive conquest. As per an extensive research done by a University at Germany, the thing that everyone finds sexually appealing in the opposite sex is symmetry. This holds true for human as well as animal kingdoms. Faces having great degree of symmetry are classically believed to be more attractive and symmetry has been linked with good health and genetic quality. Distinct digressions from this mean are said to denote lack of general well-being or ill-health. It is of our good interest to mate with somebody with best possible genes. And this will in turn be transferred to our children, making certain that we have healthy kids, who will pass our own genes on for the generations to come. High cheekbones are the zygomatic bones in the face of primates, which in some people may be more notable than others, resulting in the upper part of the cheeks to protrude and form a line cut into the side of the face. High cheekbones, producing a symmetrical face contour, are quite common in fashion divas and is said to be a ‘beauty trait’. High cheekbones develop with age and denote that a woman is old enough to be able to reproduce. In case of males, prominent facial features like a strong jaw and chin, high cheekbones indicate high level of testosterone and are believed to be attractive physical characteristics in many cultures. Some fortunate people are naturally gifted with these attractive facial features while the others have to undergo certain procedures in order to be able to possess sharp facial features and look appealing. Let’s have a look at these varied treatments and procedures: Injectable Fillers: Filler injections are non surgical soft tissue fillers approved as medical devices by the Food Drug Administration (FDA). These are injected into the skin and help filling the lost volume of the skin. The most common areas that get exposed to these injections are the cheeks, cheekbones and chin. Hyaluronan (Hyaluronic acid) is the commonest constituent of an injectable filler. Juvederm Voluma: Juvederm Voluma with Lidocaine is the latest of the Juvederm range of injectable fillers produced by Allergan that is made up of hyaluronic acid gel and a naturally occurring substance in the skin. These are specially created to reinstate volume in the regions of volume loss. Also, due to its skillfulness it provides a definition to the jaw line as well. It restores deep volume loss and smoothes the mid-face. Revives sunken areas around the cheek region. Gives volume and a youthful contour/appearance to the chin. Juvederm Voluma can last up to 1 and a half year (18 months) which may vary from person to person. Individuals with facial volume loss as a result of ageing, sudden unexplained weight loss or certain problems like facial droop or asymmetry may assist from the treatment with Juvederm Voluma. Average length of filler injections is approximately 10 to 20 minutes per session, based on the individual and the amount being treated. These require minimal downtime, permitting patients to resume work and their normal activities directly following treatment. Cheek Chin Augmentation: Surgical Techniques Cheek implants or perhaps Cheek enlargement is a sort of plastic surgical treatment and that is accomplished as a way to highlight this cheeks while on an individual’s face. A plastic surgeon may perhaps place a great implant in the cheekbone for this purpose. These types of implants increase the projection in the cheekbones. Ripped or perhaps recessed cheek places may perhaps turn out seeking richer because of the added amount due to enlargement. Cheek Augmentation is mostly amalgamated using some other techniques including Face lift or perhaps face enlargement. Material used: Cheek implants may perhaps consist involving distinct sort of components. The most typical is solid silicone. Additionally, 2 additional options are generally high-density porous polyethylene, also known as Medpor, and ePTFE (expanded polytetrafluoroethylene), also called Gore-Tex. Shapes: Three different shapes: Malar – This kind of is probably the most common of them all. These types of implants are placed entirely on this cheek bone tissues. Due to that the cheeks become more prominent and â€Å"higher contour† sideways in the face. Submalar – These kind of implants usually are not intended to become positioned on this cheekbones. These are set up pertaining to supplementing this midface, especially when a person is having emaciated appearance or perhaps â€Å"skinny† physical appearance to this particular place. Combined – Extensive implants which might be useful for augmenting equally, this cheekbones plus the mid-face. Exactly how would be the Cheek Implants placed? An incision is made by a Facial Plastic surgeon inside upper oral cavity on the the top gum line and the implants are generally slid in the spot. Implants can be placed by means of doing the outside incision on the eye, but the drawback being, it could possibly build an apparent scar. Thats why majority of sufferers do not prefer this method. Although, this intra-oral (inside this mouth) technique will involve a much better danger involving contamination for the reason that oral cavity has a lot more number of microorganisms. Cheek implant surgical procedure is generally executed immediately after giving sedation or perhaps common anesthesia and it will take about one to two hrs. Patient generally recovers within 10 days. Chin Implants/ Chin Augmentation: Chin enlargement is performed with the help of Chin Implants. This is a sort of surgical treatment that may change/modify the basic structure in the face. This kind of change therefore allocates far better sense of balance to the facial features. This peculiar medical terminologies Genioplasty and Mentoplasty are used to indicate the addition and decrease in the material to a patients chin. This will lead to reduction in the chin height or chin rounding by osteotomy, or chin augmentation with the help of implants. This kind of surgical procedure is a lot of the times, executed before Rhinoplasty (Nose job), that assists in balancing the facial proportions. This process accentuates the real key characteristic in the lower part of the face by means of improving its shape, height, width and prominence. A lot of the sufferers are searching for addressing a poor or perhaps undefined chin which â€Å"blends into the neck† too much (microgenia). This can be of disquietude as it has more effect on the patient’s side profile which enables it to help to make this nose seem nastily larger and much more visible. As a issue involving simple fact, sufferers have seen the effective improvement in their facial outline from chin implants on your own, in lieu of considering a lot more complex course of action involving Rhinoplasty (Nose surgery). When we examine the patients face on the the front, aesthetic preferences will be determined by gender. A masculine chin is generally wider and square shaped, so that the face has resemblance to a rectangle or square. A feminine chin is mostly narrower, such that it bears resemblance with an inverted triangle. Chin enlargement is a relatively easy procedure for the affected individual while resulting in notable improvements in the delineation of the face. This sort of surgical procedure is mostly executed by the oral maxillofacial surgeon, plastic surgeon or perhaps otolaryngologist. What is the Procedure for placing Chin Implants? This surgical treatment can be executed in a surgeons clinic, a hospital, or perhaps the outpatient clinic. X-rays of the patient;s chin and face will likely be obtained. The doctor will certainly find out what part of the chin to operate upon, making use of these X-rays. If your implant is merely needed to round out the chin: The affected individual may be given general anesthesia (asleep and pain-free), or perhaps he/she may be provided with a medicine such that the place becomes numb, along with a medicine that will cause them to relaxed and sleepy. A cut is made, either inside the oral cavity or outside under the chin. And in front of the chin bone and beneath the muscles, a pocket is created. This implant is positioned inside. The cosmetic surgeon may perhaps use real bone tissue or perhaps fat tissue, or perhaps the implant made out of plastic, Teflon, Dacron, or perhaps newer biological inserts. The implant is generally affixed to the bone tissue using screws or perhaps sutures. Sutures are utilized for closing the wound. When the cut in inside the oral cavity, the scar is hardly visible. At times, there may often be the necessity to move few bony tissues: The course of action will likely be accomplished under general anesthesia. The cosmetic surgeon can make the incision inside the patient’s oral cavity along the lower gum. This provides entrance for the chin bone. Second incision through the jaw bone can be made if you use a chisel or a bone. This jaw bone is moved and wired or perhaps screwed in place. Closure of the incision is done using stitches and a bandage is applied. Because the surgical procedure is accomplished within the patient’s oral cavity, these scar problems won’t become apparent. The procedure will take around 1 to 3 hrs.

Hucks Conflicted Character in Mark Twains The Adventures of Huckleber

Huck's Conflicted Character in Twain’s Adventures Of Huckleberry Finn The first eleven chapters of Adventures establish Huck's character prior to his journey on the river with Jim. Dealing with external difficulty is easy for Huck, as he consistently adapts to his environments; however, his actions contradict his desires, revealing that Huck is conflicted. Initially, religion is appealing to Huck when the Widow Douglas tries teaching him: "After supper she got out her book and learned me about Moses and the Bulrushers; and I was in a sweat to find out all about him" (220). Salvation seems possible to Huck, but he prefers to go to the "bad place" instead of spending eternity with Miss Watson (221); also, he abandons the concept of morality as a result of Miss Watson imposing it upon him. "I couldn't see no advantage about [helping others]...so at last I reckoned I wouldn't worry about it anymore, but just let it go" (226). Huck does not realize that he is not a selfish person, but resolves to sacrifice salvation instead of living selflessly simply because of the source and c...

Perception in thought processes Essay

This paper seeks to explore the role played by perception in thought processes in an individual’s life. It also focuses on intelligence and the relationship between intelligence and cognition. Perception which is the process of acquiring, interpreting, selecting, and organizing sensory information influence thinking styles, thinking skills as well as the types of thoughts in an individual’s mind. The world of an individual begins by what is visible, imagined or told in a story about various issues and things in his or her immediate surrounding. When these things are assimilated by an individual, a response is ignited in the mind in the form of thought processes. (Bohm, D. 1994, p. 130). I perceive the current modern world as a place of creativity and competition and an arena where everybody is always pushing his or her way even if it is to the disadvantage of others. For instance, the industrialized nations continue to release greenhouse gases despite the world wide outcry on global warming. Due to these, I am always thinking of discovering something new that can push me a head of the rest in both competition and creativity. Most importantly, what is always in my mind is how to accumulate enough money in this capitalistic world where everyone is keeps to themselves. The egocentricity I encounter in my interaction with people has made me to think of ways on how to keep whatever I have to myself and a way from the selfish world. The characteristics of what I perceive as well as personal characteristics like my attitude, personality, motives, interests, past experiences and expectations affect the thought processes. Several definitions for intelligence have been developed by various researchers and scientists but there seems to be no consensus on the universally acceptable definition. According to Sternberg, J. R, Jean E. P. (2005), the definitions revolve around specific abilities which are pooled together to form general abilities as the parameters around which intelligence can be defined. Consequently intelligence can be defined as the ability to learn about, learn from, understand, and interact with one’s environment. These specific abilities are the reason for cognition which is the process of recognizing, interpreting, making judgments as well as reasoning; these involves perceptions, learning, memory, and decision making. The capacity for knowledge and ability to acquire it is a specific component of intelligence that can lead a person into judging a situation or an object. The capacity to reason and higher thinking coupled with ability to carry out an evaluation gives judgment as a product of intelligence. The ability to adapt to a new environment or to changes in the current environment dictates how an animal or human being will act on the information from its environment. Interpretation which is encompassed in cognition is as a result of the ability to comprehend the issue at hand and contrast and compare relationships that we face. Cognition can therefore be said to result from original and productive thought. Conclusion. What an individual perceives define the thought processes he or she is undergoing. Perception of the surrounding environment is what triggers the development of thinking skills and styles needed in response. Cognition is a consequence of specific abilities which are found in intelligence and they mostly occur together.

Jose Rizal Essay

Republic Act No. 1425, known as the Rizal Law, mandates all educational institutions in the Philippines to offer courses about Josà © Rizal. The full name of the law is An Act to Include in the Curricula of All Public and Private Schools, Colleges and Universities Courses On the Life, Works and Writings of Jose Rizal, Particularly His Novels Noli Me Tangere and El Filibusterismo, Authorizing the Printing and Distribution Thereof, and for Other Purposes. The measure was strongly opposed by the Roman Catholic Church in the Philippines due to the anti-clerical themes in Noli Me Tà ¡ngere and El Filibusterismo. RIZAL AS A HERO According to Renato Constantino, when the American government conquered the island of the Philippines from the Spanish government in 1896, the American government established a commonwealth government after the Spanish revolutionary government ceased to govern the country. At this time of the Philippine history, Filipinos under the commonwealth government started to frame up Filipino national identities. When the question on who would be the national hero arose, whether Rizal or Bonifacio, the American government â€Å"guided† the Filipino people to choose Rizal. The American rationale was based on Rizal’s peaceful propaganda and diplomatic approaches in attaining Philippine freedom and independence, unlike Bonifacio who chose a bloody revolution. Whether this assessment is accurate or not, Dr. Rizal has been considered a hero of the Philippines from the outset: a public holiday was declared honouring Dr. Rizal in 1898, whereas that for Bonifacio was not declared until 1921. Dr. Rizal was considered to be his inspiration by Bonifacio himself. Even without the assistance of US propaganda, Rizal would have been honoured as a hero in the Philippines. Perhaps the effect of the propaganda was less to boost Rizal and more to denigrate Bonifacio. THE RIZAL LAW AND NATIONALISM Much has been said and written about Dr. Jose P. Rizal, the man whose life we are honoring today. He was dubbed as our national hero, rightly so, as his life and even his morose death has inspired and continues to inspire  generation after generations of Filipinos. In a time where being born a Filipino in the Philippines was a disadvantage, he lived to prove this wrong and in his works that led to his death, he immortalized the true spirit of the Filipino people – the spirit of resilience, of valor, of greatness. His works and philosophies not only sparked a revolution, they were revolutionary. He was even himself a revolution in every sense of the word. Conrado de Quiros, in one of his columns, best described Rizal’s existence as he wrote and I quote, â€Å"Rizal’s greatest act of subversion was not something that he said or did. It was what he was. They probably would have executed him anyway even if he had not written savage satires of the friars and their brethren in government. His very existence was seditious. He was brilliant. That was the most seditious thing of all.† Jose Rizal lived in a time where those who fronted themselves as leaders and evangelizers led by reducing the ruled to nothingness, making them a horde of lazy, uneducated fools who owed the Spaniards a favor for ruling them; and evangelized by feeding them blind faith as they made the Indios believe that they were a bunch of sheep who would be lost without them. Then, suddenly, Rizal emerges from the institutions of Europe, where he turned himself into an arsenal of knowledge, bettering most of them and brimming with the desire to free his people from the brainwashing and the oppression. By virtue of his erudite and the burning passion for his bereaved motherland, he was despised. During those times, Rizal was not the Rizal we know today. Rizal was a traitor, Rizal was a filibuster, Rizal was a heathen, Rizal was even a philanderer, a womanizer, and everything that was no good. Worst of all, he was an excommunicado. In 1956, two world wars and decades after Rizal’s death and the dichotomy between state and church has been pronounced by Law, the Third Congress of the young Republic of the Philippines passed into Law Republic Act No. 1425, â€Å"An Act to include in the curricula of all public and private schools, colleges and universities courses on the life of Rizal, particularly his novels Noli Me Tangere and El Filibusterismo, authorizing the printing and distribution thereof, and for other purposes.† It was called the Rizal Law and it was crafted so that the youth may know Jose Rizal so as to not forget who he was and what he did for our country and during the process of knowing Rizal in the formative and decisive years of a student in school, that they be re-dedicated to the ideals of freedom and   nationalism to which our Rizal and the rest of our heroes fought and died for. The Rizal Law My dear friends, this afternoon, I was given the task of lecturing to this august body how the Rizal Law came to be. Given that this is a historic piece of legislation, I hope its significance to our history will be enough to hold your attention until the end of the lecture. Ladies and gentlemen, please do not fall asleep because that would be very un-nationalistic and unRizal-like. The Rizal Law was principally authored by the Senator Jose P. Laurel and if I may add, not to be boastful but to express how proud I am of his legacy, that my grandfather, the late Senator Lorenzo Taà ±ada, co-authored and defended the Rizal Law in the halls of Senate with Senator Laurel. Senator Laurel was known to have read Rizal’s work extensively and he saw Rizal as our foremost hero and he believed that the only way of knowing him as a national hero was to read his works and to find out what he had done for us all, stating matter-of-factly, that there was simply no other way. For the senators who first proposed and defended the bill, one of the ways of honoring Rizal was to accord him recognition as the symbol of unity, and of our nationalistic sentiment as a people, as he himself showed us. When the Rizal Law was first drafted on April 3, 1956 as Senate Bill No. 438 entitled, â€Å"An act to make the Noli Me Tangere and El Filibusterismo compulsory reading matter in all public and private colleges and universities for other purposes,† Senator Laurel, then the chairman of the Senate Committee on Education did not expect to encounter any opposition to the bill. However, mainly because of the fact that despite the established secularization between church and state, the influence of the Catholic Church casted a dark shadow on the proceedings on the passage of the bill, highlighting four major issues that forced the principal author to make serious amendments on the original bill – (a) the compulsory nature of the bill, (b) religion, (c) the de finition of â€Å"basic texts† and â€Å"required readings,† and lastly, (d) the power of the National Board of Education. Compulsory Nature of the Act In the original bill drafted, reading of the unexpurgated versions of the Noli Me Tangere and El Filibusterismo was compulsory among students. This  was the bone of controversy to some of the Senators, the press, and the Catholic Church. The substitute bill sponsored by Senator Laurel corrected this by ordering that the compulsory aspect of reading the unexpurgated versions be applicable only to those in the collegiate level but the two books must be present in the libraries of all schools. Senator Laurel maintained throughout the entire debate that there is no compulsion or compulsory reading of the Noli and Fili in their original and unexpurgated form in schools and institutions below college level. Courses on the life, works and writings of Rizal, however, should be included in the curricula for schools, colleges and universities. He strongly believed that students in the tertiary level should be compelled to read the unexpurgated versions, and that Rizal’s two greatest works should not be disfigured or expurgated, because he believed that by disfiguring them, we disfigure Rizal. Religion The compulsory aspect of the bill was considered scandalous because of one thing, Religion. The Catholic Church has always had its way of making its influence known in matters of legislation. In the mid-1950’s, many Catholic Schools still banned their libraries from having copies of the Noli and Fili because of their subversive nature. Section 4 of the Rizal Law states in part that, â€Å"Nothing in this Act shall be construed as amending or repealing Sec. 927 of the Administrative Code, prohibiting the discussion of religious doctrines by public school teachers and other person engaged in any public school.† It is prohibited by law to discuss any problems affecting dogma and religious creed. In one of the interpellations, the late Senator Roseller T. Lim argued that â€Å"the possibility that in some respects we might divide our people, religious doctrines that might be brought up in the Noli Me Tangere or El Filibusterismo may not be touched upon or discussed.† To this statement, Senator Taà ±ada, asked â€Å"are teachers both in public and private schools not precluded from explaining even matters of religion contained in these two novels?† Senator Laurel defends the bill by stating, â€Å"when you use the novels of Rizal and a question was asked by a pupil and the teacher explains, he is supposed to explain in his own way in accordance to his beliefs, but he is not supposed to engage in religious discussion in favor of any religious sect or domination because there is separation between the Church and the State.† He furthers that, â€Å"if there is some question raised  to the teachers, the teachers must explain.† A scenario was raised by another Senator to deepen the discussion, â€Å"what if a professor is Catholic in a public school or an Aglipayan in a private school and the chapter where Pilosopong Tasyo and Purgatory comes up and a student asks whether or not purgatory exists?† If you remember in Chapter 14 of Noli, Pilosopong Tasyo, the man who was considered a lunatic for knowing too much from books by the Indios who knew nothing, boldly explains how he did not believe in purgatory and goes on about how it is just an imagined construct for Christians to live a good life. Of course, that chapter was a stab to the church so it was highly controversial during those times, apparently it was seen as controversial even until 1956. Senator Laurel answered that, â€Å"if you give freedom to the other teacher denying purgatory or defending purgatory, whatever may be his opinion, you have to grant that to the rest of the teachers. We cannot prohibit in one case what we grant in other cases.† The point of it was that if a student asks, the teacher must explain. The Catholic Church even issued a statement backed by the Archbishop then saying that the reading of the unexpurgated versions of the two novels would be contrary to the precepts of the religion of the church. The problem the senators had to face was the fact that students would be placed in a situation where on the one hand, he or she would like to follow the civil authorities to read the two novels, while on the other hand, he or she has the statement from his church that to read these books would be against the tenets of Catholicism. To these arguments, the senators behind the Rizal Law made it clear that those pronouncements which are lofty, patriotic, nationalistic, instructive, and of great educational value are the principles that should be disseminated and propagated and taught to the Filipino youth. Senator Laurel, being well-versed on the works of Rizal defends the hero by arguing that it was not Rizal’s intention to directly attack the church, but only those individuals who have prostituted and oppressed the Filipinos in the name of the Catholic religion. It was never Rizal’s purpose to impair and destroy the sacred institution of the Roman Catholic Church, he simply wanted to expose the rascals, the criminals, the oppressive elements of the religious institutions then in vogue. At the end of the discussion, Senator Laurel boldly states that the students had to make the decision of whether or not to read the two novels for themselves.  Ã¢â‚¬Å"Basic Texts† vs. â€Å"Required Readingà ¢â‚¬  Another issue was based on the technical aspects of the substitute bill. Section 1 of the Rizal Law states in part that, â€Å"in the collegiate courses, the original or unexpurgated editions of the Noli Me Tangere and the El Filibusterismo or their English translation shall be used as basic texts.† Some of the senators found difficulty in understanding the broadness of the term, â€Å"basic text,† so a good number of time was spent on this issue. Senator Laurel, being the principal author of the bill and Chairman of the Senate Committee on Education, was asked for a technical definition but was adamant about giving one arguing that this task should be relegated to the Board of National Education, which was composed of technical experts on the field of education. Senator Taà ±ada’s thoughts enlightened everyone on the matter arguing that basic text means something that is required because that is the plain meaning. When a text is basic, it is so considered because of its importance. If there is a basic subject that is required for the obtaining of a degree or the finishing of a course, that means that you cannot graduate unless you have successfully passed the subject because that subject is a requirement, and, therefore, a basic subject which if a student has not finished will not permit him to terminate his course or to graduate. Because of the difficulties the senators faced in the compulsory aspect of the bill, the concept of â€Å"required reading materials† was presented as an alternative. Some senators suggested that instead of being used as basic texts, why not just include the Noli and Fili in the list of required readings along with other books containing the same ideals of patriotism and nationalism so that students would have the choice of reading other required books if they find the Noli and Fili offensive to their respective religions. Senator Laurel would later yield to t his suggestion as a compromise to the detractions of the Catholic Church and the senators belonging to her. Power of the Board of National Education In order to settle some of the contentious issues found in the bill, the senators agreed to one solution – to authorize the Board of National Education to carry out the responsibilities of (a) writing and printing appropriate primers, readers and textbooks for the lower years, (b)  promulgate rules and regulations, including those of a disciplinary nature, to carry out and enforce the provisions of the bill, and (c) promulgate rules and regulations for the exemption of students for reasons of religious beliefs. This authorization was given based on logic that the Board of National Education, which was composed of technical experts on the field of education, will carry out the said responsibilities in the manner that will best insure the objectives of the law and in accordance with the provisions of the Constitution. This would also save the senators from the detractors on and against the side of the Catholic Church, the BNE would be the target of these hecklers later on. The final Rizal Law underwent several changes, but the 23 senators who voted Yes to the compromise bill on that faithful day of May 17, 1956, considered it as a step forward because of how it reasserted the power of the State to control and regulate the education of the people, while at the same time, it also conserved and preserved the liberty of conscience by leaving the option to the parties concerned that is, to the students themselves. Despite of the compromise that was drawn wherein students were no longer compelled to read the unexpurgated versions of the Noli and Fili, the fact that the courses on the life, works and writings of Jose Rizal were to be included in the curricula of all schools, colleges and universities, private or public, remained. And this has been in effect since then. The Rizal Law is the reason why we all know and remember Jose Rizal, who he was and what he stood for. It is why we know Crisostomo Ibarra, Elias, Maria Clara, Padre Damaso, and Pilosopong Tasyo. It is why we know Simoun, Isagani, Basilio, Kabesang Tales, Tandang Selo, Ben-zayb and Placido Penitente. My dear friends, as I threw out all those names, I was hoping for only one thing†¦that you can still recall who and what those names stood for. That you can still remember, and as you reminisce, that your memory of those characters awaken the emotions – the hurt, the anguish, the sense of betrayal from the oppressors, and the sense of patriotism, of wanting to fight for those who were oppressed, the love for our countrymen, and the love for our country – all these emotions that Rizal awakened within us when we were just students learning of Noli Me Tangere and El Filibusterismo. If you are feeling these emotions right now, then I can truly say that Rizal’s legacy and the legacy of the Rizal Law lives on with us today. If not, I beg of you to read the Noli and Fili once again for they  have much to tell us and for they have much more to teach us. You may be surprised that the characters in Noli and Fili are very much alive and have taken different names in present day Philippine society. Ladies and gentlemen, the stories of the Noli and Fili, including Rizal’s struggle to publish them, tells us of resilience – that even the worst of times may not be a hurdle in the quest for excellence. Clearly, the late senators had their fair share of resilience in fighting for the passage of the Rizal Law despite the unpopular image it gave them. Not to drive a nail on the wall, but I think the enactment of the Rizal Bill into law was their way of exercising their patriotism. It was a testament of their living up to Rizal’s ideals and they have been quite successful in teaching Rizal to every Filipino. It was the same sense of nationalism and patriotism from Rizal’s teachings, I believe, that encouraged the 12 Senators 35 years later on September 16, 1991, to reject the continued presence of US Military Bases in our country. But most of all, my dear friends, the Noli and Fili tells us of heroism and nationalism. As Conrado de Quiros once again puts it, â€Å"striving becomes all the more luminous when done in the service of one’s own people, one’s own country.† Rizal believed that Filipinos are capable of far greater things and he and others like him were living proof of this, which is why he immortalized the true spirit of the Filipino people in his two great novels. Jose Rizal may remain unrivaled in his brilliance but he never meant to intimidate, he served to show us, to remind us, of who and what we are and of who a nd what we can become. In Rizal’s writings, our culture of resistance to oppressors was perpetuated. This is why we are a nation that resists when we are subjected to the brink. We are not afraid to dissent, to oppose, to fight. From the legacy that Rizal and our great heroes left us, let us ask ourselves, â€Å"What have we done to live up to this?† Today, we have been unfortunate to have lost the best and the brightest to other countries, our fields are being devoured by floods, our waters continue to be polluted by oil spills and our fishing grounds are running empty, our public schools are festering with termites while teachers sell longganiza to the students to augment their delayed salaries, businesses find no mercy in terminating long-time employees to save money, churches find it better to be chauvinistic than to address the poverty that overpopulation has progenized, where factories see neighborhoods as waste  disposal areas, and most of all, where those in power find it routine to squander the money of the people. We know what the cancer of our society is, it is still the same cancer that plagued Rizal’s time. The only difference is that ours has spread. The question now remains, have we, in any way, contributed to the cure? Or are we part of those who let the tumors fester? In Rizal’s work, The Indolence of the Filipinos, Rizal himself said: â€Å"Peoples and governments are correlated and complementary; a fatuous government would be an anomaly among a righteous people, just as a corrupt people cannot exist under just rulers and wise laws.† In other words, progress and prosperity can only be achieved only by a responsible citizenry. No number of measures for reforms and betterment would be enough if the people themselves tolerate abuses, are indifferent to rising issues, and are timid and apathetic to the ills besetting our country. When we are fully conscious of our duties and obligations to our people and country, when nationalism becomes a way of life, triumphant and influencing our daily life, then we can truly say that we have followed the teachings and examples of Rizal. Only then, can we hold our heads high, knowing that we have re-oriented our ways to the dreams and goals that Rizal had envisioned for us. Nationalism today places before us a grand challenge, a great responsibility. More than ever, in our national existence, we need Rizal to enlighten us, to be a symbol of our onward struggle for the realization of our ambition as a nation, unfettered not only politically, but culturally and economically. With nationalism — as demonstrated by Rizal — as our weapon and means, we will triumph.

The Electoral Commission If Ghana Past and Present Essays

The Electoral Commission If Ghana Past and Present Essays The Electoral Commission If Ghana Past and Present Essay The Electoral Commission If Ghana Past and Present Essay The hallmark of a democratic system is the willingness of the principal actors/interest in society to accept the inherently uncertain outcomes of the electoral competition. An electoral system is a method by which votes are translated into legislative seats. The Electoral arena in democracy is the most important element of politics; because it is the primary forum of intergroup competition. It is in the house of parliament not in the streets that individuals and groups in multi-ethnic societies are expected to resolve their difference. Ghana’s electoral system has the following basic characteristic: * Universal adult suffrage for citizens who are 18 years or older (it used to be 21 years up to the advent of the Second Republic); * Official registration of voters; * Non-compulsory registration or voting; * Secret ballot; * Registration of political parties; Political parties are not allowed to sponsor candidates for elections to District Assemblies and lower local government units; * Presidential election where the winner requires more than 50% of the valid votes cast; * Parliamentary and local elections on the basis of the first-past-the post; * A run-off election in case no winner emerges on the first ballot; * No minimum voter turn-out required for presidential/parliamentary elections; and * A permanent electoral commission; IMPORTANCE OF THE ELECTORAL SYSTEM Political institutions shape the rules of the game in which democracy is practiced and is often said that the easiest political institution to manipulate for bad or good is the electoral system. In translating votes cast in an election into seats in the legislature, the choice of electoral system can effectively determine who is elected and which party gains power. Under the current study only two most commonly practiced electoral systems will be thoroughly considered: the First Past the Post and the Proportional Representation systems. Though is a known fact that most country’s political framework are often specified in the constitution and thus difficult to amend, electoral system change can thus be subject to manipulations by unscrupulous majority. Mill (1958) The choice of an electoral system may lead a country to formation of coalition government or a minority government while another may allow one party to assume majority control. 2. 1. 2 ELECTORAL SYSTEM AND PARTY SYSTEM The consequences of an electoral system may go beyond primary effects: Some encourage or enforce the formation of political parties; others recognize only individual candidates, others encourage the relative sizes of political parties in the legislature, so is the internal cohesion and the discipline of political parties; some may allow factionalism, while another system encourage parties to speak with one voice and suppress dissent. Mr. Chairman, I must say past attempts to build democracy without parties have failed. Notable examples are the George Washingtons, General De Gaulle, Mikhail Gorbachev and Boris Yeltsin THE INFLUENCE OF AN ELECTORAL SYSTEM An electoral system can influence the way a party campaign and the behavior of political elite, determine the broader political climate, encourage or retard alliances between/among parties. The electoral system can serve as an incentive for parties and groups to be broadly based and accommodating or to base themselves on narrow appeals to ethnicity or kinship ties. THE ROLE OF THE ELECTORAL COMMISSION IN THE DEMOCRATIZATION PROCESS. The framework for the structure of the Electoral Commission of Ghana can be found in 3 articles of the 1992 Constitution of Ghana. Articles 43(1),52 and actile53. There are three models of election management bodies in the world. 1. The Independent Model of Electoral Management 2. The Governmental Model of Electoral Management 3. And the Mixed Model of Electoral Management Some guiding principles for all EMBs: * Independence . Impartiality. Intergrity. Transparency. Efficiency * Professionalism . Service -mindedness FUNCTIONS OF THE COMMISSION The functions and powers of the Commission are spelt out by the Constitution (see Article 45 in particular) and other laws. They may be summarized as follows: * The compilation of the voters register; * The demarcation and periodic revision of electoral boundaries for national and local elections; * The conduct and supervision of all public elections and referenda; * Voter education; * Setting the dates of public elections; Making regulations for the performance of its functions; * Appointment of staff in consultation with the Public Service Commission; * Issuance of national identity cards; As amended by EC Amendment Act 2003 section 2(d) to undertake the preparation of voter identity cards and in section 12(1c) the issue of voter identity cards to repeal the identity cards Decree 1972. * The registration of political parties and supervision of the election of their national and regional exe cutive members; STATUTORY FUNCTIONS Conduct of election of the officers of certain statutory bodies, including: the Trades Union Congress (TUC), the Veterans Association of Ghana (VAG), the Ghana Medical and Dental Association, the Houses of Chiefs, and the District Assemblies. * Proper storage of election materials * Empowers the Commission to register Ghana citizens living abroad i. e persons in service of Ghana or govt duty or UN missions and their spouse. THE MISSION STATEMENT OF THE COMMISSION The EC is a Constitutional body mandated to deliver free and fair elections as a means of advancing the course of democracy and good governance in Ghana. This is to be achieved by: * Developing a professional competent work force that exhibit a high sense of personal integrity. * Building confidence and trust in the electoral system. * Establishing transparency and verifiable electoral process. * Maintaining a high level of accountability of resources made available by the State and Donors. * Treating all stakeholders in elections fairly. Maintaining a reliable and credible voters register and Making the electorate knowledgeable about their rights and responsibilities. ABSTRACT In the early days of democratic elections in most African countries, elections were managed by a department of governments, usually located in a ministry. The changes over a period have increasingly been the establishment of a separate body for purposes of the administration and management of elections. Electo ral Commissions in Africa differs in their structures, functions, powers and the tenure of their members . In spite of this , ideally, the main attribute of an independent electoral commission as in the case of Ghana includes: a practical rather than theoretical legal guarantee of the independent of the commission from government or any other external body, security of tenure of office, commission’s ability to hire, train, reward, discipline and fire it own staff and the provision of adequate resources for the commission to effectively carry out its functions must be guarantee and enforced in law. An overview of the electoral Commission of Ghana, obviously shown an overhaul of the entire set up in order to guarantee transparency, cost-effectiveness election management, use of technology and true collaboration with political parties. In this regard, with the exception of a few things that require secrecy, election administration is seen as public business which must not only be done in the open but must also be opened to public scrutiny. The lessons offered by the Ghanaian experience shown a distinction between a theoretical and practical independent election management body undergoing real structural and non-structural changes in the discharge of its mandates. A condition, I hope other African election administrators are increasingly positioned to an acceptance of this principle.

Overview of the Apps Industry Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Overview of the Apps Industry - Research Paper Example The apps business is well beyond entertainment and gaming apps. It is a flourishing software industry which unveils opportunities for technology seekers who introduced innovation blended with the Internet. The apps stores, particularly Apple Stores, Nokia Ovi and Android markets, are gaining popularity among users. So, the word â€Å"apps† is no longer limited to Smartphones. Various Internet giants like Google and Microsoft have initiated apps stores for their offerings. Apps industry is the result of collaboration between third-party developers and companies for designing, enhancing and trading apps via different sources like smartphones, tablets, social media platforms and others linked with the web. It has tremendous growth potential which can be unleashed using innovation and continuous improvement in features (Stevens 58-74). It can be rightly said that Apps business will set the foundation for Internet’s future model. Apple’s Apps store became an inspirati on for other players in the smartphone industry and was followed by virtual markets like Nokia Ovi Store, Google Android market and Samsung apps (Appling and Pappalardo, 2010). Even outside the smartphone platform, the biggest online retailer Amazon is influenced by the progress of apps store and might introduce it for its Kindle development. APPS INDUSTRY HISTORY: The origin of smartphone industry initiated in 1993 with the invention of IBM Simon. However, 2007 marks the advent of Apple iPhone which gave rise to the smartphone apps market, commonly referred to as â€Å"apps†. The Apple smartphone was a symbol of aesthetics which combined touchscreen display with web browsing in one package. Apps industry has developed over the years beyond smartphones and the mobile apps industry is highly fragmented among several players. The apps stores owned by OEMs by a combination of product, platform and store include Apple apps store and the like. Google’s Android and Microsoft market are the platform providers used on third-party handsets like HTC and Samsung (Allen, Graupera, and Lundrigan 57). There is a difference seen in market dominance of the brands in various countries. For example, US market resists in adopting Nokia system so it was unable to attain dominance in the region, unlike the world market. The prominent carriers are AT&T, Sprint Nextel and Verizon whose integration with the hardware manufacturers is very crucial. The carriers set sales conditions for hardware vendors. Traditionally, the telecommunication carriers subsidized smartphones in order to drive demand from consumers who, in return, sign a contract. This provided a great insight that consumers are eager to purchase expensive high tech machines on lower prices. The collaboration can result in sales rise for hardware manufacturers as well as subscription contracts for the carriers. PERFORMANCE TRENDS: The apps market predominantly consists of four major players: Apple, Blackberry, Nokia Ovi, and Android. Since the apps market has emerged, more than 300,000 apps have been developed and downloaded over billion times. App stores are becoming a norm for mobile apps download for smartphones nowadays. They are penetrating in the market very swiftly with 2.4 billion downloads being done in 2010 (Global stats, 2012).

What is cost Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

What is cost - Assignment Example A person that decides to use his time studying for college has the opportunity cost of the money he could make working in the private industry. At a minimum college students have the opportunity cost of the federal minimum salary of $7.25 an hour. Economics can be divided into two time phases which are the long run and the short run. In the short run the quantity of at least one input in fixed and the quantities of the other inputs is varied, but in contrast in the long run the quantities of all inputs are varied (Moffatt, 2010). Two inputs that are usually fixed in the short run are land and capital. The law of diminishing returns takes effects in the short run (Tutor2u, 2010). The production of firms changes in levels of output during the long run. When a person goes to a car dealership having knowledge of economics can help the buyer negotiate a better deal. The car sales business operates in cycle. We are currently in November which implies that the dealership has to get rid of its entire 2010 inventory to make room for the 2011 models. I can argue to the car salesman this point in order to ask for a price reduction. Another argument that I can use in order to obtain a price reduction is to talk about the state of the economy. Due to the fact that unemployment is current close to 10% there are not that many people buying new cars. I deserve a price discount since your company cannot afford to lose my business. A third way to negotiate a better deal is by showing the auto dealership your credit score. I could argue that a person with an excellent credit score deserves a price discount. There are many types of costs that are relevant for a firm. One of the largest expenses accounts in the corporate world is the payroll account. The salaries of employees are a major source of the cost structure of a company. Another cost driver in corporation is the cost of materials. In the retail industry cost of